diff --git a/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegen.scala b/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegen.scala
index eadda24da70..d762e66540e 100644
--- a/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegen.scala
+++ b/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegen.scala
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 package org.apache.comet.codegen
 
+import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator
 import org.apache.arrow.vector._
 import org.apache.arrow.vector.complex.{ListVector, MapVector, StructVector}
 import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.Field
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.codegen._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
 
+import org.apache.comet.CometArrowAllocator
 import org.apache.comet.shims.{CometExprTraitShim, CometTypeShim}
 
 /**
@@ -205,8 +207,12 @@ object CometBatchKernelCodegen extends Logging with CometExprTraitShim with Come
    * Allocate an Arrow output vector from a pre-built `Field`. Forwards to
    * [[CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput.allocateOutput]].
    */
-  def allocateOutput(field: Field, numRows: Int, estimatedBytes: Int): FieldVector =
-    CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput.allocateOutput(field, numRows, estimatedBytes)
+  def allocateOutput(
+      field: Field,
+      numRows: Int,
+      estimatedBytes: Int,
+      allocator: BufferAllocator = CometArrowAllocator): FieldVector =
+    CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput.allocateOutput(field, numRows, estimatedBytes, allocator)
 
   /**
    * Spark `DataType` to an Arrow `Field`, resolving mismatches between Arrow Java's default field
diff --git a/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput.scala b/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput.scala
index 33e6c0c0355..2d2c8f1b2d6 100644
--- a/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput.scala
+++ b/spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/codegen/CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput.scala
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.codegen.CodegenContext
 import org.apache.spark.sql.comet.util.Utils
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
 
-import org.apache.comet.CometArrowAllocator
 import org.apache.comet.shims.CometTypeShim
 
 /**
@@ -86,22 +85,26 @@ private[codegen] object CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput extends CometTypeShim {
    *
    * Closes the vector on any failure so a partially-initialized tree doesn't leak buffers.
    */
-  def allocateOutput(field: Field, numRows: Int, estimatedBytes: Int): FieldVector = {
+  def allocateOutput(
+      field: Field,
+      numRows: Int,
+      estimatedBytes: Int,
+      allocator: BufferAllocator): FieldVector = {
     val vec: FieldVector = field.getType match {
       case _: ArrowType.List | _: ArrowType.LargeList | _: ArrowType.FixedSizeList =>
-        val v = new RenamedListVector(field, CometArrowAllocator)
+        val v = new RenamedListVector(field, allocator)
         v.initializeChildrenFromFields(field.getChildren)
         v
       case _: ArrowType.Map =>
-        val v = new RenamedMapVector(field, CometArrowAllocator)
+        val v = new RenamedMapVector(field, allocator)
         v.initializeChildrenFromFields(field.getChildren)
         v
       case _: ArrowType.Struct =>
-        val v = new RenamedStructVector(field, CometArrowAllocator)
+        val v = new RenamedStructVector(field, allocator)
         v.initializeChildrenFromFields(field.getChildren)
         v
       case _ =>
-        field.createVector(CometArrowAllocator).asInstanceOf[FieldVector]
+        field.createVector(allocator).asInstanceOf[FieldVector]
     }
     try {
       vec.setInitialCapacity(numRows)
@@ -138,9 +141,21 @@ private[codegen] object CometBatchKernelCodegenOutput extends CometTypeShim {
     override def getField: Field = exportField
   }
 
+  /**
+   * StructVector gets a field without children, so its writer creates no children that
+   * initializeChildrenFromFields then drops. `getField` returns `exportField` after that call.
+   */
   private final class RenamedStructVector(exportField: Field, allocator: BufferAllocator)
-      extends StructVector(exportField, allocator, null) {
-    override def getField: Field = exportField
+      extends StructVector(exportField.getName, allocator, exportField.getFieldType, null) {
+    // False while the StructVector constructor runs.
+    private var childrenInitialized = false
+
+    override def initializeChildrenFromFields(children: java.util.List[Field]): Unit = {
+      super.initializeChildrenFromFields(children)
+      childrenInitialized = true
+    }
+
+    override def getField: Field = if (childrenInitialized) exportField else super.getField
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/spark/src/test/scala/org/apache/comet/CometCodegenSuite.scala b/spark/src/test/scala/org/apache/comet/CometCodegenSuite.scala
index c27c179b8fe..628c806f91a 100644
--- a/spark/src/test/scala/org/apache/comet/CometCodegenSuite.scala
+++ b/spark/src/test/scala/org/apache/comet/CometCodegenSuite.scala
@@ -263,6 +263,38 @@ class CometCodegenSuite
     }
   }
 
+  test("a closed allocateOutput vector releases all of its memory") {
+    // Struct outputs leaked the children that StructVector's writer allocates in its
+    // constructor. The List and Map cases make sure that these outputs do not start to leak.
+    val pair = StructType(
+      Seq(StructField("name", StringType), StructField("age", IntegerType, nullable = false)))
+    val outputTypes = Seq(
+      pair,
+      StructType(
+        Seq(StructField("_1", LongType, nullable = false), StructField("_2", StringType))),
+      StructType(
+        Seq(
+          StructField("inner", pair),
+          StructField("tags", ArrayType(StringType)),
+          StructField("attrs", MapType(StringType, IntegerType)))),
+      ArrayType(pair),
+      MapType(StringType, pair),
+      StringType)
+    outputTypes.foreach { dataType =>
+      val field = CometBatchKernelCodegen.toFfiArrowField("out", dataType, nullable = true)
+      val allocator =
+        CometArrowAllocator.newChildAllocator(s"allocateOutput($dataType)", 0, Long.MaxValue)
+      try {
+        CometBatchKernelCodegen.allocateOutput(field, 4, 0, allocator).close()
+        assert(
+          allocator.getAllocatedMemory == 0,
+          s"the $dataType output did not release all of its memory")
+      } finally {
+        allocator.close()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   test("ScalaUDF over concat(c1, c2) suppresses the null short-circuit") {
     // Concat is not NullIntolerant. The dispatcher's short-circuit guard inspects every node in
     // the bound tree and must skip the whole-tree null short-circuit because one child is