diff --git a/CHANGELOG-5.12.md b/CHANGELOG-5.12.md
index 3a9ea58afb2..92a2f86be9c 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG-5.12.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG-5.12.md
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@
 
 - Added support for JPEG XL (`.jxl`) images, when ImageMagick supports it. JPEG XL images can now be uploaded, transformed, and set as a transform’s output format.
 - BMP images can now be transformed and edited in the Image Editor.
+- MySQL database backups and restores now carry over SSL/TLS settings from the system’s MySQL option files (e.g. `ssl-ca` or `disable-ssl-verify-server-cert`), if the database connection doesn’t have any `PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_*` attributes set. ([#19366](https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/19366))
+- MySQL database backups and restores now respect the `PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH` and `PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER` database connection attributes. ([#19366](https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/19366))
 - Craft can now determine the dimensions of BMP and JPEG XL images on remote volumes without downloading them.
 - Removed support for the non-standard `ED256` passkey algorithm. ([#19701](https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/19701))
 - Updated Axios to 1.20.0. 
diff --git a/src/db/mysql/Schema.php b/src/db/mysql/Schema.php
index f923de08e3b..e66ab760484 100644
--- a/src/db/mysql/Schema.php
+++ b/src/db/mysql/Schema.php
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ public function createColumnSchemaBuilder($type, $length = null): ColumnSchemaBu
     public function getDefaultBackupCommand(?array $ignoreTables = null): string
     {
         $baseCommand = (new ShellCommand('mysqldump'))
-            ->addArg('--defaults-file=', $this->_createDumpConfigFile())
+            ->addArg('--defaults-file=', $this->_createDumpConfigFile('mysqldump'))
             ->addArg('--add-drop-table')
             ->addArg('--comments')
             ->addArg('--create-options')
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ public function getDefaultRestoreCommand(): string
     {
         $commandFromConfig = Craft::$app->getConfig()->getGeneral()->restoreCommand;
         $command = (new ShellCommand('mysql'))
-            ->addArg('--defaults-file=', $this->_createDumpConfigFile())
+            ->addArg('--defaults-file=', $this->_createDumpConfigFile('mysql'))
             ->addArg('{database}');
 
         if ($commandFromConfig instanceof \Closure) {
@@ -455,10 +455,11 @@ protected function supportsColumnStatistics(): bool
     /**
      * Creates a temporary my.cnf file based on the DB config settings.
      *
+     * @param string $program The program that the my.cnf file will be used with (`mysqldump` or `mysql`)
      * @return string The path to the my.cnf file
      * @throws ErrorException
      */
-    private function _createDumpConfigFile(): string
+    private function _createDumpConfigFile(string $program): string
     {
         $this->tempMyCnfPath = FileHelper::normalizePath(sys_get_temp_dir()) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . StringHelper::randomString(12) . '.cnf';
 
@@ -477,14 +478,33 @@ private function _createDumpConfigFile(): string
         }
 
         // Certificates
-        if (isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA])) {
-            $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_ca=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA];
-        }
-        if (isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT])) {
-            $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_cert=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT];
-        }
-        if (isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY])) {
-            $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_key=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY];
+        if (
+            isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA]) ||
+            (defined('PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH') && isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH])) ||
+            isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT]) ||
+            isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY]) ||
+            (defined('PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER') && isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER]))
+        ) {
+            if (isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA])) {
+                $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_ca=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA];
+            }
+            if (defined('PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH') && isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH])) {
+                $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_capath=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH];
+            }
+            if (isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT])) {
+                $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_cert=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT];
+            }
+            if (isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY])) {
+                $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_key=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY];
+            }
+            if (defined('PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER') && isset($this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER])) {
+                $contents .= PHP_EOL . 'ssl_cipher=' . $this->db->attributes[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER];
+            }
+        } else {
+            // The db connection wasn't explicitly configured with SSL attributes, but the normal
+            // my.cnf file chain (which --defaults-file causes mysqldump/mysql to ignore) might
+            // still specify them, so carry those over.
+            $contents .= $this->_sslDefaultsFromConfigFiles($program);
         }
 
         FileHelper::writeToFile($this->tempMyCnfPath, '');
@@ -495,6 +515,85 @@ private function _createDumpConfigFile(): string
         return $this->tempMyCnfPath;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns SSL/TLS my.cnf directives based on whatever the normal MySQL config file chain
+     * (e.g. `/etc/my.cnf`, `~/.my.cnf`) would otherwise provide, since those files are ignored
+     * once `--defaults-file` is passed to `mysqldump`/`mysql`.
+     *
+     * @param string $program The program whose defaults should be checked (`mysqldump` or `mysql`)
+     * @return string
+     */
+    private function _sslDefaultsFromConfigFiles(string $program): string
+    {
+        $shellCommand = (new ShellCommand($program))->addArg('--print-defaults');
+
+        // If we don't have proc_open, maybe we've got exec
+        if (!function_exists('proc_open') && function_exists('exec')) {
+            $shellCommand->useExec = true;
+        }
+
+        if (!$shellCommand->execute()) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        return $this->_sslDirectivesFromPrintDefaults($shellCommand->getOutput() ?? '');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns SSL/TLS my.cnf directives from the given `--print-defaults` output.
+     *
+     * @param string $output
+     * @return string
+     */
+    private function _sslDirectivesFromPrintDefaults(string $output): string
+    {
+        // The output looks like:
+        //
+        //     mysqldump would have been started with the following arguments:
+        //     --ssl-ca=/path/to/ca.pem --ssl-verify-server-cert=0 --skip-ssl ...
+        //
+        // Values aren't quoted, so split on whitespace that is followed by `--` (rather than on all whitespace),
+        // so values containing spaces stay intact.
+        $pos = strpos($output, '--');
+        if ($pos === false) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $tokens = preg_split('/\s+(?=--)/', trim(substr($output, $pos)), -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
+
+        $contents = '';
+
+        foreach ($tokens as $token) {
+            if (!preg_match('/^--([\w-]+)(?:=(.*))?$/s', trim($token), $match)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Option names can use dashes or underscores, and can be prefixed with modifiers like `skip-` and `loose-`
+            $name = strtolower(str_replace('_', '-', $match[1]));
+            $baseName = preg_replace('/^(?:loose-)?(?:skip-|disable-|enable-)?/', '', $name);
+            if (!preg_match('/^(ssl|tls)(-|$)/', $baseName)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (!isset($match[2])) {
+                $contents .= PHP_EOL . $name;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $value = trim($match[2], "\"'");
+
+            // Ignore redacted values
+            if (preg_match('/^\*+$/', $value)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Backslashes are escape characters in option files (e.g. within Windows paths)
+            $contents .= PHP_EOL . $name . '=' . str_replace('\\', '\\\\', $value);
+        }
+
+        return $contents;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns the row format for the given table, if known.
      *
diff --git a/tests/unit/db/mysql/SchemaTest.php b/tests/unit/db/mysql/SchemaTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6023b0eb833
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/db/mysql/SchemaTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * @link https://craftcms.com/
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) Pixel & Tonic, Inc.
+ * @license https://craftcms.github.io/license/
+ */
+
+namespace crafttests\unit\db\mysql;
+
+use Craft;
+use craft\db\mysql\Schema;
+use craft\test\TestCase;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the MySQL Schema class.
+ *
+ * @author Pixel & Tonic, Inc. <support@pixelandtonic.com>
+ * @since 5.12.0
+ */
+class SchemaTest extends TestCase
+{
+    /**
+     * @dataProvider sslDirectivesFromPrintDefaultsDataProvider
+     * @param string $expected
+     * @param string $output
+     */
+    public function testSslDirectivesFromPrintDefaults(string $expected, string $output): void
+    {
+        $schema = Craft::$app->getDb()->getSchema();
+        if (!$schema instanceof Schema) {
+            $this->markTestSkipped('The test database isn’t MySQL.');
+        }
+
+        self::assertSame($expected, $this->invokeMethod($schema, '_sslDirectivesFromPrintDefaults', [$output]));
+    }
+
+    public static function sslDirectivesFromPrintDefaultsDataProvider(): array
+    {
+        $header = 'mysqldump would have been started with the following arguments:' . PHP_EOL;
+        $nl = PHP_EOL;
+
+        return [
+            'empty' => ['', ''],
+            'header only' => ['', $header],
+            'no ssl options' => ['', $header . '--host=localhost --user=root --password=***** --quick'],
+            'basic' => [
+                "{$nl}ssl-ca=/etc/ssl/ca.pem{$nl}ssl-cert=/etc/ssl/cert.pem{$nl}ssl-key=/etc/ssl/key.pem",
+                $header . '--host=db --ssl-ca=/etc/ssl/ca.pem --ssl-cert=/etc/ssl/cert.pem --ssl-key=/etc/ssl/key.pem --quick',
+            ],
+            'flags and prefixes' => [
+                "{$nl}skip-ssl{$nl}disable-ssl-verify-server-cert{$nl}loose-ssl-mode=REQUIRED{$nl}ssl=0",
+                $header . '--skip-ssl --disable-ssl-verify-server-cert --loose-ssl-mode=REQUIRED --ssl=0',
+            ],
+            'verification and tls' => [
+                "{$nl}skip-ssl=true{$nl}ssl-verify-server-cert=0{$nl}tls-version=TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3",
+                $header . '--skip-ssl=true --ssl-verify-server-cert=0 --tls-version=TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3',
+            ],
+            'underscores' => [
+                "{$nl}ssl-ca=/etc/ssl/ca.pem",
+                $header . '--ssl_ca=/etc/ssl/ca.pem',
+            ],
+            'spaces in values' => [
+                "{$nl}ssl-ca=/path/with spaces/ca.pem{$nl}ssl-key=/other path/key.pem",
+                $header . '--ssl-ca=/path/with spaces/ca.pem --quick --ssl-key=/other path/key.pem',
+            ],
+            'windows paths' => [
+                "{$nl}ssl-ca=C:\\\\Program Files\\\\MySQL\\\\ca.pem",
+                $header . '--ssl-ca=C:\\Program Files\\MySQL\\ca.pem',
+            ],
+            'quoted values' => [
+                "{$nl}ssl-cipher=AES256-SHA",
+                $header . '--ssl-cipher="AES256-SHA"',
+            ],
+            'redacted values' => ['', $header . '--ssl-key=*****'],
+            'not ssl' => ['', $header . '--sslx=1 --skip-sslx --tlsfoo=bar'],
+        ];
+    }
+}