From 3d90742d0d49f7f981c8b4254445b2c1517df0d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tanbir <rat41443@oth-regensburg.de>
Date: Wed, 23 Sep 2026 17:25:18 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Convert numpy integer and float scalars to Python numbers on
 insert, closes #876

---
 sqlite_utils/db.py   |  3 +++
 tests/test_create.py | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 42 insertions(+)

diff --git a/sqlite_utils/db.py b/sqlite_utils/db.py
index c011d9bb0..c46c61c9d 100644
--- a/sqlite_utils/db.py
+++ b/sqlite_utils/db.py
@@ -5501,6 +5501,9 @@ def drop(self, ignore: bool = False) -> None:
 def jsonify_if_needed(value: object) -> object:
     if isinstance(value, decimal.Decimal):
         return float(value)
+    if np is not None and isinstance(value, (np.integer, np.floating)):
+        # sqlite3 would otherwise store the raw buffer as a BLOB
+        return cast(Any, value).item()
     if isinstance(value, (dict, list, tuple)):
         return json.dumps(value, default=repr, ensure_ascii=False)
     elif isinstance(value, (datetime.time, datetime.date, datetime.datetime)):
diff --git a/tests/test_create.py b/tests/test_create.py
index b738df952..42448ebc9 100644
--- a/tests/test_create.py
+++ b/tests/test_create.py
@@ -1739,3 +1739,42 @@ def test_chained_create_sets_pks(fresh_db):
         {"id": int, "name": str, "color": str}
     )
     assert table.pks == ["id"]
+
+
+def test_insert_raw_numpy_scalars(fresh_db):
+    # https://github.com/simonw/sqlite-utils/issues/876
+    np = pytest.importorskip("numpy")
+    row = {
+        "int8": np.int8(-8),
+        "int64": np.int64(5),
+        "uint64": np.uint64(64),
+        "float16": np.float16(16.5),
+        "float32": np.float32(32.5),
+        "float64": np.float64(64.5),
+    }
+    table = fresh_db.table("t")
+    table.insert(row)
+    table.insert_all([row])
+    assert table.columns_dict == {
+        "int8": int,
+        "int64": int,
+        "uint64": int,
+        "float16": float,
+        "float32": float,
+        "float64": float,
+    }
+    expected = {
+        "int8": -8,
+        "int64": 5,
+        "uint64": 64,
+        "float16": 16.5,
+        "float32": 32.5,
+        "float64": 64.5,
+    }
+    assert list(table.rows) == [expected, expected]
+    assert fresh_db.execute(
+        "select typeof(int64), typeof(float32) from t"
+    ).fetchall() == [
+        ("integer", "real"),
+        ("integer", "real"),
+    ]