Here are some links that discuss modeling the edges as nodes in a graph. This is done for a variety of reasons like:
https://algo2.iti.kit.edu/download/turn_ch.pdf
http://lekv.de/pub/lv-turns-2008.pdf
https://www.mapbox.com/blog/smart-directions-with-osrm-graph-model/
http://algo2.iti.kit.edu/documents/Luxen%20Pub/sigproc-sp.pdf
http://www.ijmo.org/vol5/480-T024.pdf
http://www.thi.uni-hannover.de/fileadmin/forschung/arbeiten/nebesov-da.pdf
http://www.routino.org/documentation/algorithm.html
http://www.easts.info/on-line/journal_06/1426.pdf
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.24.8035&rep=rep1&type=pdf
http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/74806/2/ATMOS09-timetable.pdf
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